A review of earthquake-induced loess landslides research and future prospects

The loess region is characterized by complex geomorphological patterns. This region is prone to frequent earthquakes with serious seismic landslide disasters. Loess seismic landslides are affected by a variety of factors, including the topography and geomorphology of loess slopes, stratigraphic lithology, dynamic responses, strength and dynamic characteristics of loess, and hydrogeological conditions. Current research on loess seismic landslides primarily involves laboratory experiments, physical and numerical simulations, field investigations, and remote sensing and monitoring techniques. The research focuses on the mechanisms, development characteristics, distribution, dynamic responses, and stability of loess seismic landslides. This paper reviews the current state of both domestic and international research on loess seismic landslides, introduces the pseudo-dynamic method that considers seismic wave propagation characteristics, and outlines future research prospects based on this method. By analyzing the mechanics mechanisms of loess seismic landslide, investigating the seismic liquefaction phenomena of loess landslides, and discussing the instability characteristics of these landslides, this study proposes a calculation method to accurately evaluate the stability of loess seismic landslides. This research can provide a theoretical basis for earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation in loess areas, and it represents a key focus for future studies.