Temporal-spatial distribution and monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disasters in Beijing during the period of 2004 to 2018

In the paper,annual "Beijing geological environments Bulletin" and "Beijing Water Resources Bulletin" from 2004 to 2018a were comprehensive arranged,then the temporal-spatial distribution discipline and categories of sudden geological disaster in Beijing were analyzed according to all kinds record data. There were four categories in Beijing,such as,rockfall,landslide,debris flow, and ground collapse. Rockfall is the most frequent category of sudden geological disaster. Small harm degree and wide distribution are the common characteristic of them. The year in which the number of sudden geological disasters occurs in Beijing is also the year with large annual precipitation and most of the sudden geological disasters occur in the flood season, which indicates that the sudden geological disasters in Beijing are closely related to rainfall. After heavy rainfall,sudden geological disasters in different categories happened. In in recent years,monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disaster in Beijing are in progress,and some achievements have been made. But related scientific research,monitoring and early warning technology and other prevention and control work still need to be improved. The relevant conclusions from real data in the paper,can provide an abjective basis for monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disaster in Beijing.