Abstract: Numerical simulation is commonly used to address large deformation geological disasters such as collapses, landslides, and debris flows. Accurately and efficiently simulating these issues has always been a challenge. The Material Point Method (MPM), as emerging numerical method, overcomes the grid distortion problems of traditional numerical methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method (FDM) when simulating large deformations, and has been successfully applied in the large deformation analysis of geological disasters. In order to understand the research progress of MPM in the large deformation simulation of geological disasters, this paper briefly introduces the basic principles of MPM based on current research. It also summarizes the application of MPM in simulating large deformations of geological disasters such as landslide, debris flow, and ground fracture, highlighting the latest research progress. Furthermore, it identifies issues in existing MPM research, such as accuracy, computational efficiency, and coupling of multi-physics fields, and discusses future trends in MPM development withinengineering geology.