Abstract: The establishment of the comprehensive geological disaster prevention and control system in Yunnan province stands as China’s most extensive and grand-scale endeavor in safeguarding the prevention and control of geological disasters in China. Its implementation has led to a significant reduction in the occurrence of geological disasters, resulting in a substantial decrease in both casualties and missing persons affected by such disasters. This accomplishment has yielded remarkable outcomes in disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the results of 12 series monographic studies, this paper provides an overview of the implementation of the system and its disaster prevention and mitigation effects. It summarizes the main scientific and technological achievements, with a particular focus on the causes and patterns of plateau geological disasters, understanding of special rock and soil disaster control mechanisms, susceptibility zoning evaluation, comprehensive remote sensing identification of geological hazards, progress in automated monitoring and early warning, and the development of geological environment information standard system. These achievements can provide valuable insights for the comprehensive geological disaster prevention and control in Yunnan Province.