ISSN 1003-8035 CN 11-2852/P

    基于综合指数法的广州花都区岩溶地面塌陷危险性分区评价

    Karst ground collapse in Huadu District of Guangzhou based on comprehensive index method Risk zoning assessment

    • 摘要: 随着人类工程活动的不断加强,广州花都区岩溶地面塌陷的发生率逐年上升,因此评价出岩溶地面塌陷危险性分区至关重要。通过对花都区岩溶地面塌陷因子的识别与判断,选择岩溶发育程度、岩溶水单井钻孔涌水量、岩溶地下水位及动态变化、岩溶水位降深、覆盖土层岩性结构、覆盖土层厚度、地面地貌特征、建筑物密度和已发生岩溶地面塌陷点9项指标,建立花都区岩溶地面塌陷危险性评价模型;以花都区岩溶地面塌陷矩阵单元为例,开展岩溶地面塌陷危险性分区,并将其分为危险性大区、危险性中等和危险性小区3个级别。研究结果表明,研究区的危险性大区,占岩溶发育区44.2%,其中大部分为岩溶地面塌陷区;研究区危险性中等区占岩溶发育区5.5%,属第四系覆盖型岩溶区,分布于研究区南部和西北局部;研究区危险性小区占岩溶发育区50.3%,其分布范围以北部的覆盖型岩溶区为主。研究成果可为我国城市建设发展区的地质防灾减灾提供重要参考价值。

       

      Abstract: With the strengthening of human engineering activities, the incidence of karst ground collapse in Huadu District of Guangzhou has increased year by year, so it is very important to evaluate the risk zones of karst ground collapse. By identifying and judging the karst ground collapse factors in Huadu District, 9 indexes including karst development degree, karst water inflow from a single well, karst groundwater level and dynamic change, karst water level drop, lithologic structure of overlying soil layer, thickness of overlying soil layer, ground geomorphic characteristics, building density and the point of karst ground collapse have been selected. The risk assessment model of karst ground collapse in Huadu District was established. Taking the matrix unit of karst ground collapse in Huadu District as an example, the risk zoning of karst ground collapse is carried out, and it is divided into three levels: large risk area, medium risk area and small risk area. The results show that the risk areas in the study area account for 44.2% of the karst development areas, most of which are karst subsidence areas. In the study area, the medium risk area accounts for 5.5% of the karst development area and belongs to the quaternary covered karst area, which is distributed in the southern and northwestern parts of the study area. The dangerous area accounts for 50.3% of the karst development area in the study area, and its distribution range is mainly covered karst area in the north. The research results can provide important reference value for geological disaster prevention and reduction in urban development areas in China.

       

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