ISSN 1003-8035 CN 11-2852/P

    倾斜摄影与GIS技术在块状岩质斜坡稳定性精准分区中的应用

    Application of Oblique Photogrammetry and GIS to Accurate Stability Zonation of Blocky Rock Slopes

    • 摘要:
      目的 块状岩质斜坡具有坡高、面陡、结构面发育且产状变化大等特征,其信息采集与稳定性精准分区一直是此类灾害治理中的难点。
      方法 为此,本文以虎头崖高陡斜坡为工程实例,提出了一套针对块状岩质斜坡稳定性精准分区的方法体系。首先,基于倾斜摄影技术构建研究区三维实景模型,提取坡度、坡向及主要结构面产状信息;其次,对结构面进行分组,并采用反距离权重法对点状结构面信息进行空间插值,将其转换为面状图层;同时,通过几何分析建立岩体结构面交线产状的数学模型,计算各组结构面之间的交线产状;最后,将岩体稳定性评价理论中的赤平极射投影法与GIS空间分析相结合,完成研究区块状岩质斜坡的稳定性精准分区。
      结果 实例应用结果表明:虎头崖斜坡稳定性总体呈现“东稳西险”的特征,其中稳定区占总面积的33%,基本稳定区占25%,欠稳定区占42%。欠稳定区集中分布于临近公路的斜坡西南侧,北侧次之,东南侧稳定性相对较好。
      结论 该实例验证了所提方法在块状岩质斜坡稳定性精准分区中的可行性,可为类似高陡岩质斜坡的灾害风险管理提供技术路径参考与案例支撑。

       

      Abstract: Blocky rock slopes are characterized by great slope height, steep faces, well-developed discontinuities, and large variations in discontinuity orientation. Information acquisition and accurate stability zonation for this type of slope have long been difficult tasks in geohazard mitigation. Taking the high and steep Hutouya slope as an engineering case, this study proposes a methodological framework for accurate stability zonation of blocky rock slopes. First, a 3D real-scene model of the study area is constructed using oblique photogrammetry, and slope gradient, slope aspect, and orientations of major discontinuities are extracted. Second, the discontinuities are grouped, and inverse distance weighting (IDW) is used to spatially interpolate point-based discontinuity information and convert it into areal layers. At the same time, a mathematical model for the orientation of intersection lines between rock-mass discontinuities is established through geometric analysis, and the orientations of intersection lines between discontinuity sets are calculated. Finally, the stereographic projection method for rock-mass stability evaluation is integrated with GIS spatial analysis to complete accurate stability zonation of the blocky rock slope in the study area. The application results show that the overall stability of the Hutouya slope follows a pattern of stable conditions in the east and higher risk in the west. Stable areas account for 33% of the total area, basically stable areas for 25%, and under-stable areas for 42%. The under-stable areas are concentrated on the southwestern side of the slope near the highway, followed by the northern side, whereas the southeastern side is relatively stable. This case verifies the feasibility of the proposed method for accurate stability zonation of blocky rock slopes and provides a technical workflow and case support for geohazard risk management of similar high and steep rock slopes.

       

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