Objective This study aims to investigate the intrinsic relationships and evolutionary patterns underlying the correlation between groundwater extraction and land subsidence, thereby providing a literature-based foundation and directional guidance for the optimization of technological applications and the formulation of disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.

Method Based on VOSviewer and CiteSpace, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on relevant publications indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WoS) core libraries from 2001 to 2024. A systematic analysis was performed from multiple dimensions, including publication trends, national and institutional collaboration networks, author clusters, and keyword co-occurrence patterns.

Results The number of publications in this field have increased steadily, with the growth rate of international literatures (k=3.1465) significantly exceeding that of Chinese literatures (k=1.8361). China, the United States, and Italy constitute the core research forces, with the closest collaboration observed between China and the United States. Research hotspots focus on topics such as land subsidence, groundwater, InSAR (time-series InSAR, PS-InSAR), and ground fissures. The research frontier has shifted from basic monitoring toward time-series analysis, machine learning, and the integration of multi-source data (GRACE, GNSS), while focusing on the lag response mechanism of subsidence, the compression mechanism of aquifers, and the impact assessment of major projects.

Conclusion Research on the correlated evolution of groundwater and land subsidence has become a global research hotspot. Future works should strength the application of advanced methods such as blind source signal decomposition, improve multi-field coupling modelling, and refine prevention and control strategies to enhance the intelligence and precision of geological disaster prevention and mitigation.